Common 1-1 Applied Physics

          All Materials regarding to B.tech R-20 in Common 1st  Year 1st Semester Applied Physics unit wise available.

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Common 1-1 Applied Physics 

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Common 1-1 Applied Physics important  Topics and Questions

Unit-I:

 ðŸ‘‰ Wave Optics 12hrs 
Interference: Principle of superposition –Interference of light - Interference in thin films (Reflection 
Geometry) & applications - Colors in thin films- Newton’s Rings- Determination of wavelength and 
refractive index. 
Diffraction: Introduction - Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction - Fraunhofer diffraction due to single 
slit, double slit - N-slits (Qualitative) – Diffraction Grating - Dispersive power and resolving power of 
Grating(Qualitative). 
Polarization: Introduction-Types of polarization - Polarization by reflection, refraction and Double 
refraction - Nicol’s Prism -Half wave and Quarter wave plates.


Unit-II:

 ðŸ‘‰ Lasers and Fiber optics 8hrs 
Lasers: Introduction – Characteristics of laser – Spontaneous and Stimulated emissions of radiation –
Einstein’s coefficients – Population inversion – Lasing action - Pumping mechanisms – Ruby laser –
He-Ne laser - Applications of lasers. 
Fiber optics: Introduction –Principle of optical fiber- Acceptance Angle - Numerical Aperture - 
Classification of optical fibers based on refractive index profile and modes – Propagation of 
electromagnetic wave through optical fibers - Applications.


Unit III:

 ðŸ‘‰ Quantum Mechanics, Free Electron Theory and Band theory 10hrs 
Quantum Mechanics: Dual nature of matter – Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle – Significance and 
properties of wave function – Schrodinger’s time independent and dependent wave equations– Particle 
in a one-dimensional infinite potential well. 
Free Electron Theory: Classical free electron theory (Qualitative with discussion of merits and 
demerits) – Quantum free electron theory– Equation for electrical conductivity based on quantum free 
electron theory- Fermi-Dirac distribution- Density of states (3D) - Fermi energy. 
Band theory of Solids: Bloch’s Theorem (Qualitative) - Kronig - Penney model (Qualitative)- 
E vs K diagram - v vs K diagram - effective mass of electron – Classification of crystalline solids–
concept of hole.

Unit-IV:

 ðŸ‘‰ Dielectric and Magnetic Materials 8hrs 
Dielectric Materials: Introduction - Dielectric polarization - Dielectric polarizability, Susceptibility 
and Dielectric constant - Types of polarizations- Electronic (Quantitative), Ionic (Quantitative) and 
Orientation polarizations (Qualitative) - Lorentz internal field- Clausius-Mossotti equation-
Piezoelectricity. 
Magnetic Materials: Introduction - Magnetic dipole moment - Magnetization-Magnetic susceptibility 
and permeability - Origin of permanent magnetic moment - Classification of magnetic materials: Dia, 
para, Ferro, antiferro & Ferri magnetic materials - Domain concept for Ferromagnetism & Domain 
walls (Qualitative) - Hysteresis - soft and hard magnetic materials- Eddy currents- Engineering 
applications.

Unit – V:

👉 Semiconductors and Superconductors 10hrs 
Semiconductors: Introduction- Intrinsic semiconductors – Density of charge carriers – Electrical 
conductivity – Fermi level – extrinsic semiconductors – density of charge carriers – dependence of 
Fermi energy on carrier concentration and temperature - Drift and diffusion currents – Einstein’s
equation- Hall effect – Hall coefficient –Applications of Hall effect.

Superconductors: Introduction – Properties of superconductors – Meissner effect – Type I and Type II 
superconductors – BCS theory (Qualitative) – Josephson effects (AC and DC) – SQUIDs – High Tc 
superconductors – Applications of superconductors.


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