Civil 1-2 Chemistry

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 Civil 1-2 Applied Chemistry 
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1Unit 1Download
2Unit 2Download
3Unit 3Download
4Unit 4Download
5Unit 5Download


Civil 1-2 Applied Chemistry Important Topics


UNIT I: 

POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 8 hrs 
Polymerisation:- Introduction, methods of polymerization (emulsion and suspension), mechanical 
properties. 
Plastics: Compounding, fabrication (compression, injection, blown film and extrusion), preparation, 
properties and applications (PVC, polycarbonates and Bakelite), mention some examples of plastic 
materials used in electronic gadgets, recycling of e-plastic waste (waste to wealth). 
Elastomers:- Introduction, preparation, properties and applications (Buna S, thiokol and 
polyurethanes). 
Composite materials: Fiber reinforced plastics, conducting polymers, biodegradable polymers, 
biopolymers, biomedical polymers. 
 

UNIT II:

 ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS AND CORROSION 10 hrs 
Single electrode potential, electrochemical series and uses of series, standard hydrogen electrode, 
calomel electrode, construction of glass electrode, batteries (Dry cell, Li ion battery and zinc air 
cells), fuel cells (H2-O2, CH3OH-O2, phosphoric acid and molten carbonate). 
Corrosion:-Definition, theories of corrosion (chemical and electrochemical), galvanic corrosion, 
differential aeration corrosion, stress corrosion, galvanic series, factors influencing rate of corrosion, 
corrosion control (proper designing and cathodic protection), Protective coatings (surface preparation, 
cathodic coatings, anodic coatings, electroplating and electroless plating [nickel]), Paints 
(constituents, functions and special paints).


UNIT III: 

CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS 10 hrs 
 Part- A: 
Nano materials:- Introduction, sol-gel method, characterization by (Brunauer Emmet Teller [BET]), 
(scanning electron microscopy [SEM]) and (transmission electron microscopy [TEM]) with example 
(TiO2), applications of graphene and fullerenes, carbon nanotubes (types, preparation and 
applications) 
Thermal analysis techniques: Instrumentation and applications of thermogravimetric analysis 
(TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 
 Part-B: 
Refractories: - Definition, classification, properties (refractoriness, refractoriness under load, porosity 
and thermal spalling), failure of refractories. 
Lubricants: - Definition, mechanism of lubricants, properties (definition and importance). 
Cement: - Constituents, manufacturing, parameters to characterize the clinker formation: lime 
saturation factor (LSF), silica ratio (SR) and alumina ratio (AR), chemistry of setting and hardening, 
deterioration of cement. 
 
UNIT IV: 

FUELS 10 hrs 
Introduction, calorific value, higher calorific value, lower calorific values, problems using Dulong’s 
formula, proximate and ultimate analysis of coal sample and their significance, numerical problems, 
petroleum (refining-cracking), synthetic petrol (Fischer Tropsch and Bergius), petrol knocking, diesel 
knocking, octane and cetane ratings, anti-knocking agents, Introduction to alternative fuels (Bio-
diesel, ethanol, methanol, natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, compressed natural gas), Flue gas 
analysis by Orsat apparatus, rocket fuels. 
 
UNIT V:

 WATER TECHNOLOGY 8 hrs 
Hardness of water, determination of hardness by complexometric method, boiler troubles (priming 
and foaming, scale formation, boiler corrosion, caustic embrittlement), internal treatments, softening 
of hard water (zeolite process and related sums, ion exchange process), treatment of industrial waste 
water, potable water and its specifications, steps involved in purification of water, chlorination, break 
point chlorination-desalination (reverse osmosis and electro dialysis).


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